「個人化醫療」正為長久以來的醫療模型帶來劇烈的轉變!
非文學類
更新日期:
2013-06-13
Me Medicine vs. We Medicine: Reclaiming Biotechnology for the Common Good
Donna Dickenson
Columbia University Press
June 2013
296pp
書籍編號:
03-1960
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● 內文簡介

個人化醫療——或本書作者Donna Dickenson所謂的「Me Medicine」——正為長久以來的一體適用醫療模型帶來劇烈的轉變。諸如直接針對消費者提供的基因檢測、以藥物遺傳學發展的癌症療法、私人臍帶血銀行、神經認知功強化等新科技,皆主張針對個人特定生物特徵提供醫療服務。在某些例子中,這些科技確實展現出強大的潛力,然而在其他方面,它們產生的效果卻幾乎微不足道,甚至是負面的。

個人化醫療興起的背後力量,絕對不只是科學;那麼,究竟「Me Medicine」為何會如此迅速地逐漸替代「We Medicine」?我們對集體健康的社會承諾將會遭受何種影響及後果?

作者在其深具說服力、引人省思的分析裡,檢視各種推動Me Medicine現象背後的經濟與政治因素,探究這種對待健康方式的典範轉移,長時間下來將可能對個人與集體的健康福祇帶來何種損害。在歷史上,「We Medicine」的措施例如疫苗接種與對公共衛生體系的投資,大幅延長了人類平均壽命;作者認為,在個人化醫療熱潮中人們已忽略了這個視野。

作者同時探討,個人化醫療如何說明了資本主義創造新產品與新市場的千變萬化的能力,這點比起科學可行性更能有效解釋臍帶血銀行、消費性基因檢測等現象。她汲取最新的科學、社會科學研究成果與政治分析,提出四種驅策當今Me Medicine現象的假設:逐漸升高的危機感;病患自戀(patient narcissism);商業利益促發新利基市場;個人選擇成為主宰的文化價值。在結論中她提出強調公眾共有概念的政治理論,以及若要在現代生物科技中回復這樣的價值,我們可以採取的行動。

 

● 作者簡介

Donna Dickenson,在新英格蘭地區生長、受教育。曾在耶魯大學擔任研究員,後於英國多所大學任教,現為倫敦大學醫學倫理榮譽教授,與牛津大學健康、法律與新興科技中心研究員。其著作《Body Shopping: Converting Body Parts to Profit》被醫學期刊《The Lancet》稱為「必讀書」(essential reading),《New Scientist》評為「具企圖心、深思熟慮」。2006獲頒聲譽卓著的 International Spinoza Lens Award,肯定其對倫理學公共討論的貢獻,並成為首位女性得主。

 

● 媒體報導

“Dickenson's mapping out of this vital fork in the road is valuable.”——Publishers Weekly

“Donna Dickenson's book offers a compelling and overarching framework for interpreting new trends in biomedical science, such as gene biobanks, pharmacogenetics, and the banking of cord blood. It forces the reader to ask whether every new technological advance in medicine truly betters the field -- and for whom.”——Sheldon Krimsky, Tufts University

“Donna Dickenson's splendid book shows how deeply the 'me' has become embedded in medicine and abetted by the seemingly unchallengeable ethical concept of autonomy. What we have lost is the importance of 'we.' Using personalized medicine as her point of departure, she brilliantly works her way through a range of recent medical developments to show the damage the dominance of 'me' can bring. Her book can help restore the 'us' that has been diminished.”——Daniel Callahan, cofounder and president emeritus of The Hastings Center and author of The Roots of Bioethics: Health, Progress, Technology, Death

“In this timely book, Dickenson levels trenchant criticism at the poster child of the twenty-first-century biomedical establishment: 'personalized medicine.' Analyzing an impressive array of practices in the new life sciences, she makes a persuasive argument that, as personalized medicine unfolds, market values and individualism are trumping the ideals of public health.”——David Winickoff, University of California, Berkeley